FunnelBrain · Member question · 2026-09-22

Do funnels add steps before the sales page because the product is complex?

Asked by Mathias, FOTW member, in reply to the "Funnel of the Week MCP? (Claude Code Access)" newsletter.

"Does the increase in sales and the amount of steps in the funnel before a sales page correlate with the complexity of the product or not?"

The short version. Across 100 FOTW funnels and 89 Consumer App Index quiz funnels, the number of steps before the sales page does not follow how hard the product is to understand. In the FOTW set the steps-to-complexity correlation is +0.11 and falls to +0.00 once the twelve quiz funnels are removed. Complex physical products (hearing aids, grounding sheets, OBD scanners, SaaS) go straight to an offer page or use one advertorial. The long funnels belong to trials and subscriptions that need a "personalised plan" to justify a recurring charge, whatever the product is. On "sales" we only have monthly visits, and there the FOTW picture is a weak positive (+0.34): brands with an advertorial or quiz in front tend to be bigger than brands that land on the offer, which says "paid cold-traffic format", not "complex product". Inside the app world (CAI) traffic and steps are unrelated (+0.08).

1. What we measured, and what we could not

We have no sales data. The library holds pages, host commentary and SimilarWeb visit counts quoted in FOTW breakdowns (plus CAI's monthly SimilarWeb pulls). Monthly visits is the proxy used below for "sales", and it is a weak one: it measures ad spend and brand size at least as much as conversion.

Pre-sale steps = on-site screens a visitor passes before the first page where the product can be ordered. Quiz screens count one each. Ads, exit pop-ups, emails and everything after checkout are excluded. FOTW counts come from each funnel's page-index.json (ordered page positions and descriptions). CAI counts are the median quiz step_count across that app's captures; the paywall is the sales page.

Product complexity is a 1 to 5 rubric scored by hand from the funnel files:

ScoreDefinition
1Commodity / known category (socks, pillows, jewelry, laundry sheets, hoodies)
2Familiar product with a claimed mechanism (supplements, skincare, functional food)
3New-to-market device, service or software that needs explaining (OBD scanner, grounding sheets, hearing aids, SaaS, one-off 'readings' and tests)
4Program, course, coaching or info product (books, VSL programs, memberships)
5App or subscription that asks for a habit change (fitness, fasting, language, mental health, learning apps)
100
FOTW funnels scored
41 with a traffic figure
89
CAI quiz apps
67 scored for complexity · 70 with traffic
+0.11
Spearman ρ steps × complexity (FOTW)
+0.00 once quiz funnels are removed
+0.34
Spearman ρ steps × traffic (FOTW)
weak, explained by funnel shape · CAI: +0.08

2. The picture

01251020408012012345Simple Life (CAI) · 66 steps · complexity 5 · 37547K visits/moHint (CAI) · 28 steps · complexity 3 · 19445K visits/moFinelo (CAI) · 29 steps · complexity 4 · 19103K visits/moCoursiv (CAI) · 34 steps · complexity 4 · 8477K visits/moMars Men (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 7000K visits/moWalkfit (CAI) · 48.5 steps · complexity 5 · 6641K visits/moRise Guide (CAI) · 33.5 steps · complexity 3 · 6619K visits/moMyIQ (CAI) · 47.5 steps · complexity 3 · 5799K visits/moBlossom Up (CAI) · 102 steps · complexity 3 · 5473K visits/moFitme (CAI) · 47 steps · complexity 5 · 5094K visits/moCoursiv (FOTW capture) (FOTW) · 35 steps · complexity 5 · 5000K visits/moAstroline (CAI) · 21 steps · complexity 3 · 4758K visits/moNebula (CAI) · 41 steps · complexity 3 · 4351K visits/moBetterMe World (CAI) · 55 steps · complexity 5 · 4179K visits/moDerila Ergo (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · 4100K visits/moRejuvaCare (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 3 · 4100K visits/moResilia (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 4100K visits/moComfrt (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · 4000K visits/moMadMuscles (FOTW capture) (FOTW) · 36 steps · complexity 5 · 3762K visits/moMadMuscles (CAI) · 48.5 steps · complexity 5 · 3762K visits/moLiven (CAI) · 48 steps · complexity 5 · 3316K visits/moBrilliant (CAI) · 21 steps · complexity 5 · 2947K visits/moBabbel (CAI) · 24 steps · complexity 5 · 2916K visits/moEveryday Dose (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 2900K visits/moClarity MD (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 2800K visits/moMental Impulse IQ (CAI) · 31 steps · complexity 3 · 2769K visits/moMental Impulse (CAI) · 39 steps · complexity 5 · 2769K visits/moYoga Go (CAI) · 33 steps · complexity 5 · 2416K visits/moKeto Best.me (CAI) · 28 steps · complexity 5 · 2266K visits/moFreebird (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 2100K visits/moNoom (CAI) · 48 steps · complexity 5 · 2084K visits/moGruns (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 2000K visits/moSmarty Me App (CAI) · 52 steps · complexity 5 · 1985K visits/moMUD\WTR (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 1705K visits/moeMeals (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 5 · 1700K visits/moNative Path (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 1700K visits/moHypnozio (CAI) · 59 steps · complexity 5 · 1636K visits/moLiven (FOTW capture) (FOTW) · 33 steps · complexity 5 · 1600K visits/moWoofz Academy (CAI) · 20 steps · complexity 5 · 1581K visits/moBugMD (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 1500K visits/moJobescape (CAI) · 51 steps · complexity 4 · 1458K visits/moHarnaFit (CAI) · 41 steps · complexity 5 · 1441K visits/moHeadway (CAI) · 50 steps · complexity 5 · 1382K visits/moAtolea Jewelry (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · 1300K visits/moAI Apply (CAI) · 23 steps · complexity 3 · 1255K visits/moSkinnyFit (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 1224K visits/moBlissy (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · 1000K visits/moEarth Breeze (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · 1000K visits/moThe Fabulous (CAI) · 39.5 steps · complexity 5 · 959K visits/moChatOn AI (CAI) · 25.5 steps · complexity 3 · 918K visits/moParticle for Men (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 907K visits/moObvi (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 889K visits/moIntch (CAI) · 31 steps · complexity 5 · 841K visits/moCodefinity (CAI) · 29 steps · complexity 5 · 730K visits/moNebula Ask (CAI) · 48 steps · complexity 3 · 654K visits/moKodree (CAI) · 22 steps · complexity 5 · 636K visits/moOMGYes (CAI) · 1 steps · complexity 4 · 626K visits/moSololearn (CAI) · 78 steps · complexity 5 · 545K visits/moKeto Go (CAI) · 37 steps · complexity 5 · 527K visits/moDavid Protein (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 429K visits/moImprint App (CAI) · 39 steps · complexity 5 · 425K visits/moPaw Champ (CAI) · 55 steps · complexity 5 · 425K visits/moWork with Shadow (CAI) · 34 steps · complexity 5 · 406K visits/moBBCo Provitalize (FOTW) · 7 steps · complexity 2 · 400K visits/moThe BBCo (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 400K visits/moMimika App (CAI) · 47 steps · complexity 5 · 398K visits/moMakes You Fluent (CAI) · 22.5 steps · complexity 5 · 391K visits/moDrivse (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 378K visits/moLifePro Fitness (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 3 · 370K visits/moCopymind (CAI) · 36 steps · complexity 3 · 355K visits/moOrnament Weightloss (CAI) · 61 steps · complexity 5 · 303K visits/moMama Bear Oasis (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 300K visits/moFitify (CAI) · 52 steps · complexity 5 · 288K visits/moDr. Barbara Sturm (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 263K visits/moLuvly (CAI) · 43.5 steps · complexity 5 · 261K visits/moAttainify (CAI) · 37 steps · complexity 5 · 240K visits/moNuora (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 233K visits/moUltimaPeak (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 217K visits/moMemory OS (CAI) · 39 steps · complexity 5 · 205K visits/moViasox (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 1 · 200K visits/moUndrdog (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · 162K visits/moSculptique (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 154K visits/moPestLab (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 3 · 150K visits/moInnerFlo (CAI) · 26.5 steps · complexity 5 · 140K visits/moNeurotoned (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 4 · 127K visits/moNexera (CAI) · 48 steps · complexity 5 · 126K visits/moLulutox (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 113K visits/moMellow Flow (CAI) · 41 steps · complexity 5 · 103K visits/moMane Strong (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · 100K visits/moClever: Brain Games & IQ Tests (CAI) · 29 steps · complexity 5 · 78K visits/moSciatiEase (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 75K visits/moParenting Leader (CAI) · 26 steps · complexity 4 · 69K visits/moChillio (CAI) · 37 steps · complexity 5 · 68K visits/moMy ADD Mile (CAI) · 38 steps · complexity 5 · 63K visits/moMy Traits AI (CAI) · 16 steps · complexity 3 · 56K visits/moHugterra (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · 54K visits/moThe Coach App (CAI) · 70 steps · complexity 5 · 54K visits/moUltiself (CAI) · 37 steps · complexity 5 · 47K visits/moPaid Creators (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · 46K visits/moWisey (CAI) · 51 steps · complexity 5 · 37K visits/moAstari (CAI) · 25 steps · complexity 3 · 27K visits/moMyAddMile (CAI) · 45 steps · complexity 5 · 20K visits/moUni (CAI) · 43 steps · complexity 5 · 6K visits/mo4Patriots (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedActivated You (FOTW) · 12 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedAG1 (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedAirMoto (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedAkusoli (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · traffic not stated$100M Money Models (FOTW) · 2 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedAncestral Supplements (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedARMRA (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedClarifon (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 3 · traffic not statedClub EarlyBird (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedCocunat (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedComfort Wear (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · traffic not statedDesignrr (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 3 · traffic not statedDr. Marty (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedDr. Pompa (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedEmail Storyselling Playbook (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedFIXD (FOTW) · 2 steps · complexity 3 · traffic not statedForge Skin (FOTW) · 24 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedFrøya Organics (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedGenius Wave (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedGLOV Beauty (FOTW) · 19 steps · complexity 1 · traffic not statedGlucoTrust (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedGoli (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedGroundingWell (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 3 · traffic not statedGundry MD Total Restore (FOTW) · 7 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedMonetise (Iman Gadzhi) (FOTW) · 4 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedKandy for Scale (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedKitsch (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · traffic not statedMaps to Cash (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedMemory Wave (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedMigaku (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 5 · traffic not statedMind Shifting (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedMindsetStack (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedMindvalley (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedMoonbrew (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedMovesMethod (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedNebroo (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 3 · traffic not statedInstagram University (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedNooro (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 3 · traffic not statedNorse Organics (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedNuzzle (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 1 · traffic not statedOrganics Ocean (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedPDF Farming (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedPiano by Pictures (FOTW) · 26 steps · complexity 5 · traffic not statedPrimal Queen (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedPrimal Viking (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedPrimera (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedRejuveen (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedRelatio (FOTW) · 49 steps · complexity 5 · traffic not statedRosabella (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedSimple Brain Fix (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedSpartan (FOTW) · 23 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedSpoiledChild (FOTW) · 20 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedThe Ridge (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 1 · traffic not statedThe Woobles (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 1 · traffic not statedTruvani (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedTryBello (FOTW) · 1 steps · complexity 2 · traffic not statedUnlimited Leads (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedUproot Clean (FOTW) · 0 steps · complexity 1 · traffic not statedOwlyMate (CAI) · 23 steps · complexity 4 · traffic not statedIQ Brain (CAI) · 24 steps · complexity 3 · traffic not statedAvoro (CAI) · 26 steps · complexity 3 · traffic not statedYelly (CAI) · 32 steps · complexity 5 · traffic not statedTestora (CAI) · 52 steps · complexity 3 · traffic not statedproduct complexity (1 commodity → 5 habit-change app)pre-sale steps (sqrt scale)FOTW ecom / info funnelsCAI web2app quiz funnels · circle size = monthly visits

Each dot is one funnel. Blue = FOTW (ecom, supplements, info products). Orange = CAI web2app quiz funnels. Circle size scales with the latest monthly visits where we have them. Hover a dot for the brand.

Correlations (Spearman rank, so outliers do not dominate)

PairingFOTWCAIBoth
Steps × product complexity+0.11 n=100+0.31 n=67+0.68 n=167
Steps × monthly visits+0.34 n=41+0.08 n=73+0.06 n=114
Complexity × monthly visits+0.01 n=41-0.17 n=64-0.03 n=105
Steps × complexity, FOTW physical products only (scores 1 to 3)-0.02 n=76
Steps × complexity, FOTW with quiz funnels removed (<5 steps)+0.00 n=88

Reading: a value near 0 means no relationship; +1 would mean "more complex always means more steps".

Median steps by complexity score

FOTW (100 funnels)

ComplexitynMedian stepsMax% quiz-style (≥5 steps)Median visits/mo
1 · Commodity / known category151197%1000K n=7
2 · Familiar product with a claimed mechanism520.52412%429K n=25
3 · New-to-market device, service or software that needs explaining9120%370K n=3
4 · Program, course, coaching or info product17040%86.5K n=2
5 · App or subscription that asks for a habit change7334971%2731K n=4

CAI (67 scored apps)

ComplexitynMedian stepsMax% quiz-styleMedian visits/mo
1 · Commodity / known category0
2 · Familiar product with a claimed mechanism0
3 · New-to-market device, service or software that needs explaining1629.5102100%2769K n=13
4 · Program, course, coaching or info product627.55183%1458K n=5
5 · App or subscription that asks for a habit change454178100%536K n=44

What actually predicts the step count in the FOTW set: funnel shape

ShapenMedian stepsMedian complexityMedian visits/mo
direct (offer on first page)4202263K n=15
one or two warm-up pages (advertorial / VSL / opt-in)46121112K n=22
quiz funnel1223.522681K n=4

The three shapes have almost the same median complexity. The quiz-funnel group is longer because it is selling a trial or a subscription that needs a personalised result to justify the recurring charge (Forge Skin, Spartan, SpoiledChild, BBCo, Piano by Pictures, Coursiv, Liven, MadMuscles, Relatio). The advertorial group adds one page to warm cold native and Meta traffic, again regardless of what is being sold. The biggest brands in the library sit in the one-step group (Mars Men 7M, Derila 4.1M, Resilia 4.1M, RejuvaCare 4.1M, Comfrt 4M) and the zero-step group (Everyday Dose 2.9M, Freebird 2.1M, Gruns 2M, MUD\WTR 1.7M); the quiz group's traffic median rests on four brands, three of them apps.

3. The extremes, with the pages

Complex products that go straight to the offer

These are the products a "complexity drives steps" theory says should need the most warm-up. They get none, or one page.

GroundingWell (complexity 3, 0 steps): grounding sheets, a product most visitors have never heard of, sold on a single landing page that goes to cart. 17,168px tall, the explanation lives on the page, not in extra steps.
SCRAPED GroundingWell (complexity 3, 0 steps): grounding sheets, a product most visitors have never heard of, sold on a single landing page that goes to cart. 17,168px tall, the explanation lives on the page, not in extra steps.open full page
Designrr (complexity 3, 0 steps): ebook-creation SaaS sold on one long sales page straight into an order form with an order bump.
SCRAPED Designrr (complexity 3, 0 steps): ebook-creation SaaS sold on one long sales page straight into an order form with an order bump.open full page
Nebroo (complexity 3, 1 step): OTC hearing aids. One landing page then a pre-sell page that carries the order button. Two long pages instead of many short ones.
SCRAPED Nebroo (complexity 3, 1 step): OTC hearing aids. One landing page then a pre-sell page that carries the order button. Two long pages instead of many short ones.open full page
FIXD (complexity 3, 2 steps): the OBD2 scanner that FOTW documents as the origin of the 'double advertorial'. The library's own note: it cut CPA by 50%+ and scaled to $20k/day on YouTube. Two steps is the most any physical product needs in this set.
SCRAPED FIXD (complexity 3, 2 steps): the OBD2 scanner that FOTW documents as the origin of the 'double advertorial'. The library's own note: it cut CPA by 50%+ and scaled to $20k/day on YouTube. Two steps is the most any physical product needs in this set.open full page
Pattern. When the product needs explaining, the explanation goes into page length (10k to 35k pixel advertorials and landers) rather than into extra steps. PestLab's advertorial is 35,736px tall and is still one step. See the pattern write-ups in patterns/advertorial-sequencing/ and patterns/sales-page-architecture/.

Simple products with long funnels

The opposite corner: products anyone understands, sold behind 19 to 24 screens.

GLOV Beauty (complexity 1): a makeup-remover glove and hair towel behind a 19-step quiz. Step 1.
SCRAPED GLOV Beauty (complexity 1): a makeup-remover glove and hair towel behind a 19-step quiz. Step 1.open full page
GLOV Beauty quiz, step 9 of 19. Nothing here is needed to understand a microfiber glove; the quiz is building a 'your routine' result.
SCRAPED GLOV Beauty quiz, step 9 of 19. Nothing here is needed to understand a microfiber glove; the quiz is building a 'your routine' result.open full page
GLOV Beauty sales page after the quiz. The offer is a bundle.
SCRAPED GLOV Beauty sales page after the quiz. The offer is a bundle.open full page
Forge Skin (complexity 2): men's skincare, 24 quiz steps. Step 1.
SCRAPED Forge Skin (complexity 2): men's skincare, 24 quiz steps. Step 1.open full page
Forge Skin, step 24, the last screen before the sales page.
SCRAPED Forge Skin, step 24, the last screen before the sales page.open full page
Forge Skin sales page. The quiz result is used to frame a subscription bundle.
SCRAPED Forge Skin sales page. The quiz result is used to frame a subscription bundle.open full page
FOTW breakdown of Forge Skin: "Instead, they run a multi-step male-focused quiz funnel designed to build trust, educate, and pre-sell the mechanism before the offer is revealed." And on length: "We know men don't want 10 steps — here's the minimum effective dose."
Spartan (complexity 2): men's supplement, 23 quiz steps before a bottle-count order form. Step 1.
SCRAPED Spartan (complexity 2): men's supplement, 23 quiz steps before a bottle-count order form. Step 1.open full page
Spartan, step 23. Same product category as Nuora, UltimaPeak and Primal Viking, which sell in 0 to 1 steps.
SCRAPED Spartan, step 23. Same product category as Nuora, UltimaPeak and Primal Viking, which sell in 0 to 1 steps.open full page

The host's own explanation is about trust and pre-selling a mechanism, not about product complexity. Spartan, Nuora, UltimaPeak, Primal Viking and Mars Men all sell men's supplements: Spartan uses 23 steps, the other four use 0 or 1. Same product, different acquisition model (quiz-to-bundle vs advertorial-to-PDP).

Inside the Consumer App Index: length is a format, not a response to complexity

All 196 CAI funnels are quiz funnels, so this corpus isolates the question: among funnels that already chose the quiz format, does a harder-to-understand product get more screens? A little. Habit-change apps average about ten screens more than one-off readings and tests. But the spread inside a single app and a single complexity score is several times larger than that gap.

Blossom Up EQ test (CAI, complexity 3): screen 1 of 102 before a €1.95 paywall. Blossom Up's 14 captured funnels run 46 to 118 steps for the same product.
CAI-APP Blossom Up EQ test (CAI, complexity 3): screen 1 of 102 before a €1.95 paywall. Blossom Up's 14 captured funnels run 46 to 118 steps for the same product.open full page
Blossom Up EQ test, screen 52 of 102.
CAI-APP Blossom Up EQ test, screen 52 of 102.open full page
Blossom Up paywall after 102 screens: a €1.95 trial.
CAI-APP Blossom Up paywall after 102 screens: a €1.95 trial.open full page
Simple Life (CAI, complexity 5, 37.5M visits/mo, the biggest app in the index): screen 1 of 80 in the 'survey' funnel. Its other capture runs 52.
CAI-APP Simple Life (CAI, complexity 5, 37.5M visits/mo, the biggest app in the index): screen 1 of 80 in the 'survey' funnel. Its other capture runs 52.open full page
Hint palmistry (CAI, complexity 3, 19.4M visits/mo): 18 steps. Hint's eight captured funnels run 17 to 33.
CAI-APP Hint palmistry (CAI, complexity 3, 19.4M visits/mo): 18 steps. Hint's eight captured funnels run 17 to 33.open full page
OMGYes (CAI, complexity 4, 626K visits/mo): a one-screen 'quiz' straight to the paywall. The shortest funnel in CAI sells research-based educational video, not a commodity.
CAI-APP OMGYes (CAI, complexity 4, 626K visits/mo): a one-screen 'quiz' straight to the paywall. The shortest funnel in CAI sells research-based educational video, not a commodity.open full page

Step count in CAI is set by the funnel-builder's playbook (the 30 to 50 screen default that MadMuscles, BetterMe, WalkFit, FitMe, Liven and MyIQ all share) and by how much the paywall price needs justifying. The top-traffic apps do not run longer quizzes than the small ones (ρ = +0.08); if anything the biggest apps in CAI are the readings and tests with the shortest quizzes (Hint 19M visits at 17 to 33 steps).

4. Answer

Product complexity: no. In the FOTW library the step count is explained by funnel shape (direct / advertorial / quiz), and funnel shape is chosen by business model and traffic source, not by how hard the product is to explain (ρ = +0.11, and +0.00 without quiz funnels). Complex physical products are sold with long pages, not extra steps. In the app world there is a modest link (+0.31): habit-change apps run about ten screens longer than one-off tests, but the builder's template moves the count far more than the product does.

"Sales": weakly yes in FOTW, for a different reason. Using monthly visits as the only proxy, funnels with an advertorial or quiz in front belong to bigger brands than funnels that land on the offer (+0.34, n=41). Those extra steps are the format for buying cold traffic at scale, so the arrow most likely runs from ad budget to funnel shape, not from steps to sales. Inside CAI, where every funnel is a quiz, steps and traffic are unrelated (+0.08).

What does move steps: (1) selling a subscription or trial that needs a "personalised plan" to justify it; (2) cold native / Meta traffic that gets one advertorial; (3) the funnel builder's template. If you are deciding how many steps to add, look at the offer type and traffic source, not the product.

Full dataset (189 rows) — click to expand
CorpusBrandStepsShapeCxProductPrice $Visits/mo (K)
CAICourshark112quiz (112) → paywallCourshark
CAIBlossom Up102quiz (102) → paywall3Blossom Up offers a collection of quick online assessments and quizzes that measure variou5473
CAIBrainAI Health100quiz (100) → paywallBrainAI Health
CAIEFAQ95quiz (95) → paywallEFAQ1338
CAISololearn78quiz (78) → paywall5A mobile-first platform that teaches coding through bite-sized lessons accessible anytime 545
CAIKegel Plan71quiz (71) → paywallKegel Plan275
CAIThe Coach App70quiz (70) → paywall5A men's sexual health and performance app offering personalized Kegel exercise programs de54
CAISimple Life66quiz (66) → paywall5A fasting and wellness app that helps users adopt intermittent fasting practices through g37547
CAIOrnament Weightloss61quiz (61) → paywall5Ornament Weightloss provides personalized weight loss plans tailored to your lifestyle, la303
CAIHypnozio59quiz (59) → paywall5A hypnotherapy app delivering guided audio sessions designed to help users overcome specif1636
CAIFit4Me56quiz (56) → paywallFit4Me
CAIBetterMe World55quiz (55) → paywall5Multi-vertical fitness platform spanning pilates, calisthenics, yoga, fasting, and mental 4179
CAIPaw Champ55quiz (55) → paywall5A comprehensive dog training and behavior app that provides step-by-step guidance, progres425
CAILearnova AI52.5quiz (52) → paywallLearnova AI0
CAISmarty Me App52quiz (52) → paywall5SmartyMe is a microlearning app that teaches STEM and general-knowledge subjects in 5-15 m1985
CAIFitify52quiz (52) → paywall5A personalized fitness app that creates customized workout plans based on your goals and t288
CAITestora52quiz (52) → paywall3An online platform that administers IQ and cognitive ability tests for individuals seeking
CAIJobescape51quiz (51) → paywall4Jobescape teaches users how to build AI-powered automations to streamline work tasks and i1458
CAIWisey51quiz (51) → paywall5Your personal coach, guiding mindfulness and cognitive growth. Unlock Your Full Potential,37
CAIHeadway50quiz (50) → paywall5Book summary app that helps users learn key insights from bestselling books in 15 minutes 1382
CAIWisey ADHD50quiz (50) → paywallWisey ADHD552
CAIWalkfit48.5quiz (48) → paywall5A walking-based fitness program designed to help users achieve significant body transforma6641
CAIMadMuscles48.5quiz (48) → paywall5Personalized workout and diet plans app with web-to-app flows targeting fitness enthusiast3762
CAILiven48quiz (48) → paywall5Provides science-based techniques and personalized exercises to help users manage emotiona3316
CAINoom48quiz (48) → paywall5A psychology-based weight loss app that combines personalized coaching, food tracking, and2084
CAINebula Ask48quiz (48) → paywall3A platform that connects users with psychics for personalized readings on relationship que654
CAINexera48quiz (48) → paywall5Nexera is a microlearning app that teaches people to use AI assistants like Claude and Cha126
CAIMyIQ47.5quiz (47) → paywall3Personality and IQ style quizzes that onboard via localized landing pages and convert thro5799
CAIFitme47quiz (47) → paywall5A personalized fitness platform that creates customized chair-based workout programs for s5094
CAIMimika App47quiz (47) → paywall5A personalized face yoga platform that helps users achieve glowing, youthful skin through 398
CAIMyAddMile45quiz (45) → paywall5A personalized coaching program that helps people with ADD manage their condition through 20
CAINewCircle45quiz (45) → paywallNewCircle
CAIEmpirio44quiz (44) → paywallBusiness/growth app advertised via Instagram Stories. Quiz funnel format targeting entrepr
CAILuvly43.5quiz (43) → paywall5Luvly provides personalized face yoga exercises designed to tone facial muscles and reduce261
CAIUni43quiz (43) → paywall5Uni is a parenting subscription app that generates a personalized child talent growth plan6
CAIRuut Labs42quiz (42) → paywallRuut Labs
CAINebula41quiz (41) → paywall3An astrology app that uses AI-generated imagery to show users hand-drawn sketches of their4351
CAIHarnaFit41quiz (41) → paywall5A fitness app that creates personalized workout plans through a quick quiz, offering fat-b1441
CAIMellow Flow41quiz (41) → paywall5A psychology-backed app that helps users overcome procrastination, manage ADHD symptoms, a103
CAIThe Fabulous39.5quiz (39) → paywall5A habit-building app that helps users transform their daily routines through personalized 959
CAIMental Impulse39quiz (39) → paywall5A personalized brain training platform that helps users develop cognitive skills and manag2769
CAIImprint App39quiz (39) → paywall5A visual learning platform that breaks down complex topics—from philosophy and mindfulness425
CAIMemory OS39quiz (39) → paywall5A memory training app that uses gamified micro-lessons and virtual mind palaces to enhance205
CAISpiriohub38quiz (38) → paywallSpiriohub176
CAIMy ADD Mile38quiz (38) → paywall5A personalized coaching program that helps people with ADD manage their condition through 63
CAIKeto Go37quiz (37) → paywall5A ketogenic diet app that helps users create personalized meal plans and track their nutri527
CAIAttainify37quiz (37) → paywall5Attainify likely helps users set, track, and achieve personal or professional goals throug240
CAIChillio37quiz (37) → paywall5Chillio provides mental health support and community connection for people experiencing de68
CAIUltiself37quiz (37) → paywall5A personalized self-improvement platform that generates customized health and wellness pla47
CAICopymind36quiz (36) → paywall3Likely helps users generate, refine, or manage written content through AI assistance, targ355
CAIMy Friend34.5quiz (34) → paywallMy Friend
CAICoursiv34quiz (34) → paywall4A platform offering certified AI and machine learning courses designed to help professiona8477
CAIWork with Shadow34quiz (34) → paywall5A trauma-informed shadow work app that helps users uncover and heal buried emotions, uncon406
CAIVisual Mind34quiz (34) → paywallVisual Mind13
CAIHolispira34quiz (34) → paywallHolispira
CAIRise Guide33.5quiz (33) → paywall3Rise Guide6619
CAIYoga Go33quiz (33) → paywall5A guided yoga platform offering accessible classes for beginners through advanced practiti2416
CAIYelly32quiz (32) → paywall5An AI companion app that helps users improve relationships, manage stress, and release neg
CAIMental Impulse IQ31quiz (31) → paywall3A quick online IQ assessment tool that measures cognitive ability and reveals how your int2769
CAIIntch31quiz (31) → paywall5A task management and productivity app designed for people overwhelmed by growing to-do li841
CAIBitesy30.5quiz (30) → paywallBitesy17
CAILiveLongerNow30quiz (30) → paywallLiveLongerNow
CAIFinelo29quiz (29) → paywall4A trading education platform that teaches beginners how to trade stocks and interpret mark19103
CAICodefinity29quiz (29) → paywall5An interactive coding and spreadsheet learning platform that teaches Python and Excel thro730
CAIClever: Brain Games & IQ Tests29quiz (29) → paywall5Cognitive Growth likely offers tools and resources to enhance mental skills like memory, a78
CAISenses29quiz (29) → paywallSenses
CAIMasterflix29quiz (29) → paywallMasterflix
CAIHint28quiz (28) → paywall3Astrology-based soulmate matching and palm reading app with web-to-app flows.19445
CAIKeto Best.me28quiz (28) → paywall5A personalized keto diet program that uses a quiz-based funnel to create tailored meal pla2266
CAIBoostSkill27quiz (27) → paywallBoostSkill
CAIInnerFlo26.5quiz (26) → paywall5InnerFlo uses binaural beats to help users achieve better sleep and nervous system balance140
CAIMemento26.5quiz (26) → paywallMemento
CAIParenting Leader26quiz (26) → paywall4A guided 28-day program that teaches parents of children with ADHD practical behavioral st69
CAIAvoro26quiz (26) → paywall3Based on the name and domain, Avoro likely provides a collaborative platform for financial
CAIChatOn AI25.5quiz (25) → paywall3AI-powered chat assistant with quiz-based onboarding funnel918
CAIAstari25quiz (25) → paywall3AI meeting assistant that records, transcribes, and summarizes meetings with automatic tas27
CAIProtocol Health25quiz (25) → paywallProtocol Health15
CAIBabbel24quiz (24) → paywall5Learn 14 languages through interactive lessons designed for real-world conversation and pr2916
CAIIQ Brain24quiz (24) → paywall3A brain training and cognitive assessment app that measures IQ and mental performance thro0
CAIAI Apply23quiz (23) → paywall3AI Apply1255
CAIOwlyMate23quiz (23) → paywall4A 28-day intensive program that teaches professionals how to master AI tools and technique0
CAIMakes You Fluent22.5quiz (22) → paywall5A language learning platform that uses AI-powered speech recognition technology to help no391
CAIKodree22quiz (22) → paywall5A hands-on learning platform that teaches in-demand data analysis and technical skills thr636
CAIAstroline21quiz (21) → paywall3Provides personalized astrological insights and guidance on love, relationships, career, a4758
CAIBrilliant21quiz (21) → paywall5Interactive STEM learning platform teaching math, data science, programming and logic thro2947
CAIInnerly21quiz (21) → paywallInnerly2782
CAIWoofz Academy20quiz (20) → paywall5A comprehensive dog training platform offering courses, videos, and behavioral assessments1581
CAIMy Traits AI16quiz (16) → paywall3# My Traits AI Description Unlock insights about your ancestry, health predispositions, a56
CAIOMGYes1quiz (1) → paywall4An educational platform featuring research-backed videos on sexual pleasure and intimacy, 626
FOTWRelatio49quiz (49) → pre-order → order form5relationship app
FOTWMadMuscles (FOTW capture)36quiz (36) → sales page → checkout5workout app3762
FOTWCoursiv (FOTW capture)35quiz (35) → sales page → checkout5AI course app5000
FOTWLiven (FOTW capture)33quiz LP → 25 questions + interstitials → plan page → paywall5mental-wellness app1600
FOTWPiano by Pictures26quiz (26) → sales page + checkout5piano course / membership
FOTWForge Skin24quiz (24) → sales page → checkout2men's skincare
FOTWSpartan23quiz (23) → sales page → order form2men's supplement
FOTWSpoiledChild20quiz (20) → product page → checkout2personalised hair / skin supplements
FOTWGLOV Beauty19quiz (19) → sales page → cart1makeup-remover glove / hair towel
FOTWActivated You12quiz (9) → post-quiz popup → pre-sell → VSL → post-VSL page → LP → checkout2gut supplement
FOTWBBCo Provitalize7quiz (7) → PDP → checkout2menopause probiotic400
FOTWGundry MD Total Restore7quiz (6) → VSL → sales page → checkout2gut supplement
FOTWMonetise (Iman Gadzhi)4opt-in → survey (3) → offer → checkout4info product
FOTW$100M Money Models2LP → opt-in → post-opt-in offer → checkout4book + upsells
FOTWFIXD2advertorial → advertorial → PDP (double advertorial)3OBD2 car scanner
FOTWAirMoto1advertorial → sales page → order form2portable tire inflator
FOTWAkusoli1advertorial → product page → order form1insoles29.99
FOTWAtolea Jewelry1homepage → PDP → cart1waterproof jewelry1300
FOTWBlissy1advertorial → native sales page → cart1silk pillowcase1000
FOTWBugMD1advertorial → PDP2natural pest spray1500
FOTWClarifon1advertorial (4 variants) → order form3OTC hearing aid
FOTWClarity MD1advertorial LP → checkout2antioxidant supplement2800
FOTWCocunat1advertorial → PDP2curl / beauty products
FOTWComfort Wear1LP (8 variants) → sales page → cart1bras / shapewear
FOTWComfrt1LP → PDP → cart1hoodie4000
FOTWDerila Ergo1advertorial → PDP → checkout1ergonomic pillow4100
FOTWDr. Marty1advertorial → PDP2pet food
FOTWDrivse1advertorial → PDP2personal care378
FOTWEarth Breeze1advertorial → PDP1laundry sheets121000
FOTWeMeals1advertorial → trial signup5meal-planning subscription1700
FOTWFrøya Organics1LP → sales page → cart2supplement
FOTWGenius Wave1VSL → sales page → order form4audio program
FOTWHugterra1advertorial → sales page → cart2massager54
FOTWKitsch1LP → product page → cart1hair accessories
FOTWLifePro Fitness1advertorial → PDP3vibration plate / fitness device370
FOTWMama Bear Oasis1advertorial → PDP2supplement300
FOTWMars Men1advertorial → product page → cart2testosterone supplement7000
FOTWMemory Wave1VSL → landing page → order form4audio program
FOTWMigaku1LP → pricing page → signup → checkout5language-learning software
FOTWMind Shifting1LP → opt-in → upsell4info product
FOTWMoonbrew1advertorial → PDP2sleep supplement48
FOTWNative Path1advertorial → PDP2collagen1700
FOTWNebroo1LP → pre-sell page → checkout3OTC hearing aid
FOTWNeurotoned1advertorial → checkout4digital therapy program127
FOTWNooro1advertorial → PDP3NMES foot massager
FOTWNorse Organics1LP → sales page → cart2anti-acne skincare
FOTWParticle for Men1LP → PDP → cart2men's skincare907
FOTWPDF Farming1LP → opt-in → checkout4info product
FOTWPestLab1advertorial → PDP3ultrasonic pest device150
FOTWPrimal Viking1LP (5 variants) → PDP → cart2men's supplement
FOTWRejuvaCare1advertorial → PDP → checkout3knee massager4100
FOTWResilia1advertorial → product page → checkout2parasite-cleanse supplement4100
FOTWSciatiEase1advertorial → checkout2supplement75
FOTWSimple Brain Fix1sales page → VSL → checkout2nootropic supplement
FOTWSkinnyFit1advertorial → PDP ($5.95 trial)2collagen5.951224
FOTWThe Ridge1LP → product page → cart1wallet
FOTWTryBello1advertorial → sales page → order form2supplement
FOTWUndrdog1LP → PDP → cart1car detailing product162
FOTW4Patriots0LP (offer) → checkout2survival food kit
FOTWAG10LP (offer) → plan selection → checkout2greens powder79
FOTWAncestral Supplements0LP (offer) → checkout2organ-meat supplement
FOTWARMRA0LP (offer) → cart2colostrum supplement
FOTWClub EarlyBird0text sales page → cart2morning energy drink54
FOTWDavid Protein0PDP → cart2protein bar429
FOTWDesignrr0LP (sales) → order form3ebook-creation SaaS
FOTWDr. Barbara Sturm0LP (offer) → cart → checkout2luxury skincare263
FOTWDr. Pompa0VSL (offer drop) → order form4health program (VSL)
FOTWEmail Storyselling Playbook0LP with order section4info product
FOTWEveryday Dose0LP (offer) → cart2mushroom coffee2900
FOTWFreebird0PDP2electric head shaver2100
FOTWGlucoTrust0VSL → order2blood-sugar supplement
FOTWGoli0LP (offer) → order form2gummies
FOTWGroundingWell0LP (offer) → cart3grounding sheets
FOTWGruns0LP (offer) → cart2greens gummies2000
FOTWKandy for Scale0sales page → cart4agency growth info product
FOTWLulutox0sales page2detox tea113
FOTWMane Strong0PDP2men's hair supplement100
FOTWMaps to Cash0LP (sales) → checkout4info product
FOTWMindsetStack0LP (sales) → cart4info product7.99
FOTWMindvalley0LP with pricing → upsell4membership
FOTWMovesMethod0LP (sales) → order form4mobility program
FOTWMUD\WTR0LP (offer) → cart2mushroom coffee1705
FOTWInstagram University0VSL LP → checkout4info product
FOTWNuora0PDP → cart2supplement233
FOTWNuzzle0LP (offer) → order selection1pillow
FOTWObvi0LP (offer) → order form2collagen889
FOTWOrganics Ocean0LP (offer) → order form2supplement
FOTWPaid Creators0sales page → checkout4info product46
FOTWPrimal Queen0sales page → checkout2supplement
FOTWPrimera0VSL (offer drop) → order form2bladder supplement
FOTWRejuveen0PDP2GLP-1 aftercare supplement
FOTWRosabella0LP (offer) → cart2supplement
FOTWSculptique0LP (offer) → checkout2supplement154
FOTWThe BBCo0LP (offer) → order form2supplement400
FOTWThe Woobles0PDP1crochet kit
FOTWTruvani0PDP2protein powder
FOTWUltimaPeak0PDP → cart2men's gummies217
FOTWUnlimited Leads0VSL LP → checkout4info product
FOTWUproot Clean0LP (offer) → cart1pet-hair remover
FOTWViasox0LP (offer) → order selection1compression socks24.95200

Also saved as dataset.json with the correlation stats, the medians and the exclusion list. CAI rows without a complexity score (name-only apps such as Innerly, EFAQ, Spiriohub) are kept for the traffic pairing but left out of the complexity pairing.

What the library doesn't have yet

Follow-up questions worth asking